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Teacher / Substitute Teacher · California
Everything you need to become a certified teacher or substitute teacher in California. Education, exams, fees, and application steps — verified against California Commission on Teacher Credentialing (CTC).
Last verified: 2026-03-21
Degree Required
Bachelor's degree or higher from a regionally accredited institution
Primary Exam
Basic Skills Requirement (CBEST or alternatives)
Total Gov Fees
$575–$875
Initial Cert
5 years
| Requirement | Value | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Minimum Education | Bachelor's degree | Verified |
| Degree Required | Bachelor's degree or higher from a regionally accredited institution | Verified |
| Teacher Prep Program | Required | Verified |
| Student Teaching | Required (600 hours) | Verified |
| Background Check | Required | Verified |
| Fingerprinting | Required | |
| GPA Requirement | No state-level GPA requirement found | Verified |
| Minimum Age | 18 | Verified |
| Citizenship | U.S. citizen or authorized to work in the U.S. | Verified |
Not sure if you need a teacher license? Check whether your state requires one.
basic skills
Passing score: Total score of 123 with no section below 37 (CBEST); or qualifying coursework/exam scores
Since AB 130 (2021), CBEST is ONE OPTION for meeting the Basic Skills Requirement — it is no longer universally required. Alternatives include: earning a B or better in college coursework in reading, writing, and math; or qualifying SAT, ACT, AP, CSET Writing Skills, or CSU Early Assessment Program scores.
content knowledge
Passing score: 220 per subtest (CSET)
Subject matter competence can be demonstrated by passing CSET subtests OR by completing a CTC-approved subject matter preparation program (CSET waiver). Multiple CSET subtests are typically required per credential area (usually 2-4).
reading instruction
Passing score: Varies
Replaced the Reading Instruction Competence Assessment (RICA) effective July 1, 2025. Required for Multiple Subject and Education Specialist credential candidates. Assesses competence in literacy instruction through a performance-based assessment.
performance assessment
Passing score: Passing standard set by CTC
Required for all preliminary credential candidates. A performance-based assessment completed during the teacher preparation program that evaluates planning, instruction, assessment, and reflection skills.
Didn't pass on the first try? Learn what to do if you fail the Praxis.
Overall licensing difficulty: 23/100
Study recommendation: 1–2 weeks of focused review is usually sufficient
Practice with realistic exam questions
Praxis Teacher Certification Exams
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Difficulty rating based on education, exam, and experience requirements. Individual experience may vary.
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Basic Skills Requirement (CBEST or alternatives)
Passing Score
Total score of 123 with no section below 37 (CBEST); or qualifying coursework/exam scores
Cost of failing
Retake fee: $400–$700Invest in preparation to pass the first time.
How long should you study? Most candidates study 2–4 weeks before taking the Basic Skills Requirement (CBEST or alternatives).
Matched study materials
Study Materials & Exam Prep — Praxis Core Academic Skills
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Issued to new teachers who have completed a teacher preparation program, passed required exams, and met all other requirements. Valid for 5 years.
Issued after completing an approved Teacher Induction Program (typically 2 years) during the Preliminary Credential period. This is the permanent renewable credential.
Minimum Education
Bachelor's degree
Certificate Required
30-Day Substitute Teaching Permit or Emergency 30-Day Substitute Teaching Permit
Background Check
Required
Permit Fee
$100
Validity
5 years
California requires a substitute teaching permit from the CTC. The standard 30-Day Substitute Teaching Permit requires a bachelor's degree, passage of CBEST (or equivalent), and a background check. The Emergency 30-Day Substitute Teaching Permit has reduced requirements. Substitutes are limited to 30 days per assignment per school year unless they hold a full credential.
| Fee | Amount | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Application FeeCTC credential processing fee | $100 | Verified |
| Fingerprint FeeLive Scan fingerprinting (DOJ and FBI processing); varies by Live Scan site | $74 | Verified |
| Exam Fees (Total)Varies significantly by credential type; includes CBEST, CSET subtests, and RICA (for Multiple Subject) | $400–$700 | Verified |
| Initial CertificateCTC credential issuance fee | $100 | Verified |
| Renewal FeeClear Credential renewal fee | $100 | Verified |
| Substitute PermitCTC processing fee for substitute permit | $100 | Verified |
| Total Government FeesIncludes CTC application, fingerprinting, and exam fees | $575–$875 | Verified |
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Graduate from a CTC-approved teacher preparation program or complete an approved alternative pathway. Must include student teaching (minimum 600 hours of clinical practice).
Pass the CBEST (or qualify for a waiver), all required CSET subtests for your subject area, and RICA (for Multiple Subject credentials).
Fee: $400–$700
Submit fingerprints through a Live Scan location for DOJ and FBI background checks.
Fee: $74
Pass a course or exam covering the U.S. Constitution (required by California law).
Many teacher preparation programs include this requirement.
Apply through the CTC's online credential system. Your teacher preparation program typically submits a recommendation on your behalf.
Fee: $100
Once all requirements are verified, the Preliminary Credential is issued for 5 years.
Processing typically takes 4-8 weeks.
During the 5-year Preliminary Credential period, complete a CTC-approved Teacher Induction Program (typically 2 years) to earn the Clear Credential.
Fee: $100
The Clear Credential is the permanent renewable credential.
California offers several alternative pathways including Intern Credentials, which allow candidates to teach while completing their preparation program. District and university intern programs are available. The Provisional Internship Permit allows teaching while enrolled in an intern program. California has a significant shortage in STEM and special education, making alternative pathways particularly important.
Available Programs:
CE Required
Yes
Hours per Cycle
150
Renewal Cycle
5 years
California requires 150 clock hours of professional development activities for Clear Credential renewal every 5 years. Activities can include college coursework, professional development workshops, conference attendance, and independent study. The CTC does not prescribe specific course requirements but requires activities to be relevant to the educator's professional growth.
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Reciprocity Type
Case-by-case with NASDTEC participation
Interstate Agreement
NASDTEC Interstate Agreement
California participates in the NASDTEC Interstate Agreement but has additional state-specific requirements. Out-of-state teachers typically receive a Preliminary Credential and must still complete California-specific requirements.
Additional requirements: Out-of-state applicants must pass CBEST (or equivalent), complete a course or pass an exam in the U.S. Constitution, and pass California-specific subject matter exams (CSET) if their out-of-state exams are not recognized. Completion of a California Teacher Induction Program is still required for the Clear Credential.
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Unique to California: California has its own state-specific exam system (CBEST/CSET/RICA) rather than using Praxis, and requires a U.S. Constitution course/exam that is not required in most other states. The Preliminary Credential is non-renewable, creating a hard deadline to complete the Teacher Induction Program.
Teacher requirements in nearby states
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Official Sources
Teacher requirements in California verified against California Commission on Teacher Credentialing (CTC), March 2026.
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Study guides for Praxis Core and subject-specific teacher exams.
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